{"id":"289b4b74-3284-4c5d-a9f7-1b22bf51421a","uri":"https://data.inms.international/id/289b4b74-3284-4c5d-a9f7-1b22bf51421a","type":"model","title":"GAINS Global","description":"GAINS estimates emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases in future scenarios based on (1) projections of activity data and (2) rate of implementation of emission reducing technologies. An optimization algorithm allows to minimize costs of measures when intending to arrive at a given ecological “endpoint” (human health, biodiversity, GHG level etc.). \n\nMore than 200 individual abatement technologies and abatement costs are individually defined and implemented in connection with specific “target” emitted compound, interference with other compounds considered. Costs are computed as a function of investments, interest rates and country specific labour/energy/ commodity costs; co-benefits can be integrated in cost factors (e.g. negative energy costs).\n","metadataDate":"2024-11-04T09:36:31","resourceIdentifiers":[{"code":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/951d2c32-3d30-4e87-958a-65378ec1858c"},{"code":"https://data.inms.international/id/289b4b74-3284-4c5d-a9f7-1b22bf51421a"}],"keywords":[{"value":"Global","uri":"http://vocabs.ceh.ac.uk/inms/scale/global"},{"value":"Greenhouse Gases","uri":"http://vocabs.ceh.ac.uk/inms/topic/greenhouse-gas-fluxes"},{"value":"Air Pollution","uri":"http://vocabs.ceh.ac.uk/inms/topic/air_pollution"},{"value":"INMS","uri":"http://vocabs.ceh.ac.uk/inms/project/inms"}],"primaryPurpose":"GAINS estimates emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases in future scenarios based on (1) projections of activity data and (2) rate of implementation of emission reducing technologies. An optimization algorithm allows to minimize costs of measures when intending to arrive at a given ecological “endpoint” (human health, biodiversity, GHG level etc.)","modelType":"deterministic","spatialDomain":"Global; for some world regions, specific applications are accessible ","spatialResolution":"“GAINS regions” which in many cases means individual countries (except for very large or very small countries); 0.5°x0.5° outputs for selected (emission) data is possible","temporalResolutionMin":"Annual","inputVariables":[{"title":"Energy projections from energy models (e.g. PRIMES, POLES, IEA)"},{"title":"Industry projections from energy models"},{"title":"Agricultural projections from models (e.g. CAPRI, FAO)"},{"title":"Emission abatement technologies, their efficiency and costs"}],"outputVariables":[{"title":"Energy consumption/projection"},{"title":"Agricultural production/projection"},{"title":"Country-level anthroprogenic emissions to air of greenhouse gases and air pollutants (CO2, CH4, N2O, F-gases, SO2, NOx, NH3, VOC, PM-coarse, PM-fine, BC, OC)"},{"title":"Abatement costs by technology"},{"title":"Environmentally relevant impacts (to 'endpoints')"}],"onlineResources":[{"url":"http://gains.iiasa.ac.at/models/index.html","function":"documentation","type":"OTHER"},{"url":"http://gains.iiasa.ac.at/models/index.html","function":"website","type":"OTHER"}],"references":[{"citation":"Amann, M., Bertok, I., Borken-Kleefeld, J., Cofala, J., Heyes, C., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Klimont, Z., Nguyen, B., Posch, M., Rafaj, P., Sandler, R., Schöpp, W., Wagner, F., Winiwarter, W. Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in Europe: modeling and policy applications. Environmental Modelling and Software 26, 1489-1501 (2011).","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.07.012"}],"responsibleParties":[{"role":"owner"}]}